The Fergana Valley enclaves are a reflection of the complex processes that the Central Asian states have faced since independence. Defined boundaries are an integral aspect of state sovereignty. However, the task of border demarcation can be troublesome, especially for newly emergent states. The current research identifies eight Ferghana Valley enclaves and looks at the relations between the mainland state, the enclaves and the surrounding countries.
The highly securitized insecurities of state borders in the Fergana Valley
